Invasive Alien Species in Belgium: Amelanchier lamarckii

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Amelanchier lamarckii - Juneberry

CABI

Synonym:	Amelanchier canadensis
French name:	Amélanchier d'amérique
Dutch name:	Amerikaans krentenboompje
Family:	Malaceae

Group:	Vascular plants
Origin:	North America
Habitat:	terrestrial
Introduction:	agri- and horticulture

ISEIA Score : 9

Naturalization in Belgium

First observation in the wild:	1876
Invasion stage:	spread
Spatial distribution:	restricted

Invasiveness

Reproduction in the wild:	yes
Dispersion potential:	high
Natural habitats:	high

More on invasiveness: This taxon is not currently known to occur in the wild in America and is presumed to be of hybrid origin (A. laevis x A. canadensis). In its introduced range, it thrives on sandy acidic soils, especially in heathlands, in open woodlands, along forest edges and in urban areas. Juneberry is apomictic and breeds true from seed. Fruits are dispersed by birds over long distances. Juneberry populations are slowly expanding in Western European countries (Belgium, Germany, Great Britain) and reported to be locally invasive.

Distribution in Belgium

Established populations Biogeographic areas where the species is known to be established in the wild

	absent from district
	isolated populations (1-5 localities per district)
	widespread (>5 localities per district)

Endangered areas Biogeographic areas including Natura 2000 habitats that are likely to be invaded by the species (occurence of dense populations)

Biogeographic areas including Natura 2000 habitats that are likely to be invaded by the species (occurence of dense populations)

	low risk
	medium risk
	high risk

Endangered Natura 2000 habitats (

heath & scrub:	4030
forest habitats:	9120 9190

Impacts on Species

Predation / Herbivory:	low
Competition:	medium
Disease transmission:	low
Genetic effects:	low

Impacts on Ecosystems

Nutrient cycling:	unknown
Physical alteration:	low
Natural successions:	unknown
Food web alteration:	low

More on impacts: Juneberry can reduce the development of ground vegetation but it rarely forms dense monospecific stands. Outcompetition of native species is considered as unlikely. Impact on native vegetation is poorly reported in the scientific literature.

Data Source & References

Authors:	Branquart Etienne, Vanderhoeven Sonia, Van Landuyt Wouter, Van Rossum Fabienne, Verloove Filip
Published on:	04 December 2007
Last update:	04 September 2012

References:

Debelder, J. & Misonne, X. (1999)

Arbres et arbustes pour parcs et jardins.

La Maison Rustique, 224 pp.

Essl, F. Milasowszky, N. & Dirnböcka, T. (2010)

Plant invasions in temperate forests: Resistance or ephemeral phenomenon?

Basic and Applied Ecology, doi:10.1016/j.baae.2010.10.003.

Keil, P. & Loos G.H. (2005)

Preliminary account of ergasiophygophytic and xenophytic trees, shrubs and subshrubs in the Central Ruhrgebiet (Germany).

Electronic Publications of the Biological Station of Western Ruhrgebiet 3: 1-12.

Lambinon, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. (2004)

Nouvelle fore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines.

Editions du Patrimoine du Jardin botanique national de Belgique, Meise.

Lohmeyer, W. & Sukopp, H. (2001)

Agriophyten in der Vegetation Mitteleuropas.

In: Brandes, D. (ed.) Adventivpflanzen. Beiträge zur Biologie, Vorkommen und Ausbreitungsdynamik von Archäophyten und Neophyten in Mitteleuropa, vol 8. Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig, Braunschweig, pp 179-220.

Rushforth, K. D. (1999)

Trees of Britain and Europe.

Collins Wildlife Trust Guides, 1336 pp.

Van Landuyt, W., Hoste, I., Vanhecke, L., Van den Bremt, P. Vercruysse, W. & De Beer, D. (2006)

Atlas van de Flora van Vlaanderen en het Brussels gewest.

Nationale Plantentuin en het Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek i.s.m. Flo.Wer vzw.

Verloove, F. (2006)

Catalogue of the Neophytes in Belgium (1800-2005).

Scripta Botanica Belgica 39, 89 pp.