Invasive Alien Species in Belgium: Carassius gibelio

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Carassius gibelio - Prussian carp

French name:	Gibèle
Dutch name:	Giebel
Family:	Cyprinidae

Group:	Fish
Origin:	Asia, Europe
Habitat:	freshwater
Introduction:	aquariums and ponds

ISEIA Score : 12

Naturalization in Belgium

First observation in the wild:	1750
Invasion stage:	spread
Spatial distribution:	widespread

Invasiveness

Reproduction in the wild:	yes
Dispersion potential:	high
Natural habitats:	high

More on invasiveness: The Prussian carp is a thermophilic species living in eutrophic still and slow-running waters, often with submerged aquatic vegetation.

Distribution in Belgium

Established populations Biogeographic areas where the species is known to be established in the wild

	absent from district
	isolated populations (1-5 localities per district)
	widespread (>5 localities per district)

Impacts on Species

Predation / Herbivory:	low
Competition:	high
Disease transmission:	low
Genetic effects:	high

Impacts on Ecosystems

Nutrient cycling:	medium
Physical alteration:	high
Natural successions:	low
Food web alteration:	high

More on impacts: The Prussian carp is a prolific fish species which is believed to be responsible for the decline of native fish, invertebrate and plant populations in different areas. Furthermore, it is notorious for increasing water turbidity because of its habit of stirring up bottom sediments during feeding. Richardson et al. (1995) reported a tenfold increment in turbidity in mud-bottom ponds under experimental conditions. C. gibelio has the potential to hybridise with other Carssius species and Cyprinus carpio.

Data Source & References

Authors:	Anseeuw Dieter, Branquart Etienne, Lieffrig François, Micha Jean-Claude, Parkinson Denis, Verreycken Hugo
Published on:	11 June 2007

References:

Copp, G.H., Vilizzi, L., Mumford, J., Fenwick, G.V., Godard, M.J. & Gozlan, R.E. (2009)

Calibration of FISK, an Invasiveness Screening Tool for Nonnative Freshwater Fishes.

Risk Analysis 29 (3).

Crivelli, A.J. (1995)

Are fish introductions a threat to endemic freshwater fishes in the northern Mediterranean region?

Biological Conservation 72: 311-319.

Godin J. (2005)

Les espèces animales invasives des milieux aquatiques et humides du bassin Artois-Picardie

Agence de l'Eau Artois-Picardie.

Philippart, J.-C. (2006)

La biodiversité des poissons de Wallonie et les rempoissonnements.

In: Doignon G. (ed), Vers une nouvelle politique de rempoissonnement en Région wallonne, GIPPA asbl, 16-41.

Richardson, M.J. & Whoriskey, F.G. (1992)

Factors influencing the production of turbidity by goldfish.

Canadian Journal of Zoology 70: 1585-1589.

Richardson, M.J., F.G. Whoriskey, F.G. & Roy, L.H. (1995)

Turbidity generation and biological impacts of an exotic fish Carassius auratus, introduced into shallow seasonally anoxic ponds.

Journal of Fish Biology 47:576-585.

Verreycken, H. (2006)

Niet-inheemse vissoorten

From online fact sheets of the Flemish Research Institute for Nature and Forest (INBO), VLINA-project 00/11

Verreycken, H., Anseeuw, D., Van Thuyne, G., Quataert, P. & Belpaire, C. (2007)

The non-indigenous freshwater fishes of Flanders (Belgium): review, status and trends over the last decade.

Journal of Fish Biology 71 (Suppl. D): 160-172.

Wheeler, A.C. (2000)

Status of the crucian carp, Carassius carassius (L.), in the UK.

Fisheries Management & Ecology 7, 315-322.