Invasive Alien Species in Belgium: Solidago gigantea

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Solidago gigantea - Giant goldenrod

CPS EPPO

French name:	Solidage glabre
Dutch name:	Late guldenroede
Family:	Asteraceae

Group:	Vascular plants
Origin:	North America
Habitat:	terrestrial
Introduction:	agri- and horticulture

ISEIA Score : 11

Naturalization in Belgium

First observation in the wild:	1869
Invasion stage:	spread
Spatial distribution:	widespread

Invasiveness

Reproduction in the wild:	yes
Dispersion potential:	high
Natural habitats:	medium

More on invasiveness: The plant is found in many disturbed and nitrogen-rich sites: ruderal areas, fallow lands, abandonned fields, river banks, etc. It also colonises humid grasslands.

Distribution in Belgium

Established populations Biogeographic areas where the species is known to be established in the wild

	absent from district
	isolated populations (1-5 localities per district)
	widespread (>5 localities per district)

Endangered areas Biogeographic areas including Natura 2000 habitats that are likely to be invaded by the species (occurence of dense populations)

Biogeographic areas including Natura 2000 habitats that are likely to be invaded by the species (occurence of dense populations)

	low risk
	medium risk
	high risk

Endangered Natura 2000 habitats (

grasslands:

6430

Impacts on Species

Predation / Herbivory:	low
Competition:	high
Disease transmission:	low
Genetic effects:	unknown

Impacts on Ecosystems

Nutrient cycling:	high
Physical alteration:	medium
Natural successions:	high
Food web alteration:	low

More on impacts: The plant can build up dense and long lasting populations, and easily outcompetes native plants, including tree seedlings. Competitive ability is favoured by allelopathic interactions. Once established, the plant may remain dominant for a long period of time and often prevents natural colonisation by woody species.

Data Source & References

Authors:	Branquart Etienne, Vanderhoeven Sonia, Van Landuyt Wouter, Van Rossum Fabienne, Verloove Filip
Published on:	18 September 2007
Last update:	22 December 2010

References:

AEF (2006)

Cartes provisoires de la distribution de néophytes en Wallonie.

Unpublished document.

CPS-SKEW (2006)

Solidago gigantea

From online fact sheets of the Swiss Commission for Wild Plants Conservation.

Hejda, M., Pysek, P. & Jarosik, V. (2009)

Impact of invasive plants on the species richness, diversity and composition of invaded communities.

Journal of Ecology 97: 393–403.

Jakobs, G., Weber, E. & Edwards, P.J. (2004)

Introduced plants of the invasive Solidago gigantea (Asteraceae) are larger and grow denser than conspecifics in the native range.

Diversity and Distributions 10: 11–19.

Kabuce, N. (2006)

Invasive alien species fact sheet: Solidago canadensis.

From online database of the North European and Baltic network on invasive alien species (NOBANIS).

Lambinon, J., Delvosalle, L. & Duvigneaud, J. (2004)

Nouvelle fore de la Belgique, du Grand-Duché de Luxembourg, du Nord de la France et des régions voisines.

Editions du Patrimoine du Jardin botanique national de Belgique, Meise.

Van Landuyt, W., Hoste, I., Vanhecke, L., Van den Bremt, P. Vercruysse, W. & De Beer, D. (2006)

Atlas van de Flora van Vlaanderen en het Brussels gewest.

Nationale Plantentuin en het Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek i.s.m. Flo.Wer vzw.

Vanderhoeven, S., Dassonville, N. & Meerts, P. (2005)

Increased topsoil mineral nutrient concentrations under exotic invasive plants in Belgium.

Pland and Soil 275: 169-179.

Verloove, F. (2006)

Catalogue of the Neophytes in Belgium (1800-2005).

Scripta Botanica Belgica 39, 89 pp.

Weber E. (2011)

Strong regeneration ability from rhizome fragments in two invasive clonal plants (Solidago canadensis and S. gigantea)

Biological Invasions (2011) DOI 10.1007/s10530-011-9977-y

Weber, E. & Gut, D. (2004)

Assessing the risk of potentially invasive plant species in central Europe.

Journal for Nature Conservation12: 171-179.